Venezuelan Bolívar in Macedonian Denar

VEF Venezuelan Bolívar

Country of application:
Venezuela

Coin denominations in circulation:
500, 100, 50, 25, 5, 2 and 1 bolivar, 50, 25, 10, 5 centimos.

Denominations of banknotes in circulation:
50,000, 20,000, 10,000, 5000, 2000, 1000, 500, 100, 50, 20, 10 and 5 bolivars.

History reference:
Bolivar is first a minor (in 1871-1879), and then the main (from 1879 to 2018) monetary unit of Venezuela. Bolívar is named after Latin American independence hero Simón Bolívar. The bolívar was passe...d under the Monetary Law of 1879, replacing the short-lived Venezolano at a rate of five bolívares to one Venezolano. The bolivar was originally defined by a silver standard, equal to 4.5 grams of pure silver, following the principles of the Latin Monetary Union. The monetary law of 1887 made the gold bolivar unrestricted legal tender, and the gold standard came into full force in 1910. Venezuela abandoned gold in 1930, and in 1934 the exchange rate of the bolivar was fixed in US dollars at a rate of 3.914 bolivars = US$1, valued at 3.18 bolivars = US$1 in 1937, a rate that lasted until 1941 Until February 18, 1983 (now called Black Friday (Viernes Negro) by many Venezuelans), the Bolívar was the most stable and internationally recognized currency in the region. It then fell victim to a massive devaluation.

MKD Macedonian Denar

Country of application:
North Macedonia

Coin denominations in circulation:
1, 2, 5, 10, 50 denars.

Denominations of banknotes in circulation:
10, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 denars.

History reference:
The Macedonian dinar (denar) has been the national currency and money of the Republic of North Macedonia since 1992 after the collapse of Yugoslavia. A year later, in 1993, a denomination was carried... out in the ratio of 1 new denar to 100 old ones. The name dinar comes from the name of the ancient Roman monetary unit, the denarius. On September 8, 1991, it declared independence and seceded from Yugoslavia. The Macedonian denar as a national currency was introduced on April 26, 1992, first in the form of temporary coupons, and a year later in the form of the first full-fledged issue of coins and banknotes of dinars. The coupons indicated only the denomination without the name of the monetary unit, since the law on the Macedonian currency had not yet been adopted. The coupons were printed on low-quality, low-security paper purchased in Slovenia. The circulation was printed by the printing house "October 11" (Prilep). The design of coupons was developed by an employee of the Prilep printing house within a week.